What is Breast Reconstruction? Common Questions About Post-Mastectomy Breast Repair

In cases where the breast needs to be surgically removed during breast cancer treatment, breast reconstruction becomes an important procedure both aesthetically and psychologically. This surgery, medically known as breast reconstruction, aims to recreate a new breast in place of the removed one. Today, thanks to advancements in surgical techniques, this practice has become much more common, offering more satisfying results both aesthetically and emotionally.

With modern plastic surgery techniques, it is now possible to create a breast similar to or even symmetrical with the removed one. Especially in early-stage diagnosed cases or after a preventive mastectomy (breast removal), breast reconstruction can often be performed during the same session. This is called immediate breast reconstruction.

Immediate breast reconstruction provides significant benefits not only physically but also emotionally and psychologically. Filling the empty space where the breast tissue was prevents women from feeling incomplete. Scientific studies also support this, showing that reconstructions performed immediately after breast removal reduce the incidence of psychological issues such as depression and anxiety in patients.

In some cases, immediate reconstruction may not be possible due to medical reasons or the patient’s overall health condition. In such situations, delayed (secondary) breast reconstruction is preferred. This method is carried out through a second surgery at an appropriate time after cancer treatment has been completed.

The decision on how to reconstruct the new breast tissue is made through a detailed evaluation between the plastic and reconstructive surgeon and the patient. However, the opinion of the general surgeon who follows the patient and the stage of the disease are also considered.

Various techniques can be used in breast reconstruction. The most common include:

• The patient’s lower abdominal tissue (DIEP flap)
• Back muscle (latissimus dorsi flap)
• Tissue taken from the hip, waist, or thigh area.
  In addition, in suitable cases, silicone breast implants or tissue expanders may also be preferred.

Of course, the ideal method may differ for each patient. Factors such as the patient’s body structure, general health condition, smoking habits, obesity, and high blood pressure play an important role in surgical planning. Such conditions may limit certain techniques or require postponing the surgery.